Motivated by Kalman residuated lattices, Nelson residuated lattices and Nelson paraconsistent residuated lattices, we provide a natural common generalization of them. Nelson conucleus algebras unify these examples and further extend them to the non-commutative setting. We study their structure, establish a representation theorem for them in terms of twist structures and conuclei that results in a categorical adjunction, and explore situations where the representation is actually an isomorphism. In the latter case, the adjunction is elevated to a categorical equivalence. By (...) applying this representation to the original motivating special cases we bring to the surface their underlying similarities. (shrink)

Suele entenderse la Filosofía como el desarrollo de problemas guiados por un método que el autor del texto propone, siendo este generalmente un método racional. Pero la propuesta que aquí se hace es que los textos capitales de Miguel de Unamuno se configuran como una estrategia, para que el lector se implique con el autor en problemas y métodos que deben comprenderse en claves distintas a los usuales. Los textos de Unamuno entienden la tarea del lector como condición de (...) posibilidad para su propia comprensión. Y en este sentido necesitan al lector. Pero el tipo de lector que requiere no es un lector científico sino un lector mitológico. Mostrar esta propuesta, en la lectura Del sentimiento trágico de la vida, es lo que me propongo en este trabajo. (shrink)

We follow the ideas given by Chen and Grätzer to represent Stone algebras and adapt them for the case of Stonean residuated lattices. Given a Stonean residuated lattice, we consider the triple formed by its Boolean skeleton, its algebra of dense elements and a connecting map. We define a category whose objects are these triples and suitably defined morphisms, and prove that we have a categorical equivalence between this category and that of Stonean residuated lattices. We compare our results with (...) other works and show some applications of the equivalence. (shrink)

Rivers of ink have flowed through the comments and interpretations that were made about Paulo Freire's writings and, in good time, never enough. The intention of the present text is not to do the same, but rather to confront Freire's thought with a reality that he did not live with the intensity of the current era, typical of the spirit of a financially based, speculative and parasitic capitalism, globalized and neoliberal, of social and dystopian distancing with high technology, colonizer and (...) predator, racial and patriarchal. We point out this spirit without specifically engaging in it, although we consider it as the basis for taking off our plot display. To finish, the wandering storyline is lowered to the public-school classroom. (shrink)

Presentación inaugural. Semblanza de Suárez. Dos opúsculos inéditos y una carta auténtica. Por T. Andrés Marcos.--Suárez y el pensamiento inglés contemporáneo, por F. Elías de Tejada.--Suárez, maestro de metafisica para teólogos, por M. Solana.--Conceptos dinámicos en la metafisica de Suárez, por J. Iturrioz.--La igualdad jurídica según Suárez, por E. Elorduy.--El sentido de la realidad en la metafisica suareciana, por F. García Martínez.--Palabras de clausura, por N. Rodríguez Aniceto.

Machiavelli is known chiefly for The Prince, but his main considerations on politics are in his most profound and later work Discourses on Livy, the complexity, length and style of which have often discouraged new readers and interpreters of Machiavelli, despite its historical and theoretical importance. For this reason, the Discourses has not been given the attention it deserves. This volume of newly commissioned essays by some of the world's leading experts on Machiavelli overcomes this gap. It is the first (...) collective volume dedicated specifically to this work, ranging over topics such as Machiavelli's republicanism, the relation between liberty and tyranny, the role of religion, his conception of history, his writing style, his view of society as a plural and conflictive body, his suggestion of how a free state should be organized, or his notions of the people and virtù. Contributors include: Jérémie Barthas, Thomas Berns, Alessandro Campi, J. Patrick Coby, Marie Gaille, Marco Geuna, Mark Jurdjevic, Cary J. Nederman, Gabriele Pedullà, Diogo Pires Aurélio, Fabio Raimondi, Andre Santos Campos, Miguel Vatter, and Camila Vergara. (shrink)

IN the last decade deliberative democracy has developed rapidly from a “theoretical statement” into a “working theory.”1 Scholars and practitioners have launched numerous initiatives designed to put deliberative democracy into practice, ranging from deliberative polling to citizen summits.2 Some even advocate deliberation as a new “revolutionary now.”3 Deliberative democracy has also experienced the beginning of an empirical turn, making significant gains as an empirical (or positive) political science. This includes a small, but growing body of literature tackling the connection between (...) the normative standards of deliberation, how well they are met, and the empirical consequences of meeting them.4 This trend has, for instance, included the use of methods and frameworks borrowed from other fields, such as political and social psychology. Such studies suggest that cases approaching ideal deliberation are rare, but that group interaction sometimes works surprisingly well according to such ideals.5. (shrink)

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo central indicar alguns pontos de aproximação e distinção entre o sentido atribuído por Kierkegaard à angústia na obra O conceito de angústia, e o modo pelo qual Heidegger aborda tal conceito no âmbito da analítica existencial desenvolvida em Ser e tempo. Muito embora seja possível apontar inegáveis semelhanças no modo pelo qual os dois autores compreendem o fenômeno da angústia, algumas distinções podem ser feitas se analisados os contextos a partir dos quais os pensadores (...) se ocuparam do tema em questão. Enquanto que para Kierkegaard a angústia é vista em estrita relação com o pecado, a fé e a liberdade, Heidegger busca atribuir ao fenômeno do angustiar-se um sentido ontológico, inscrito no projeto da ontologia fundamental, a partir do qual torna-se possível ao Dasein ser livre para escolher a si mesmo, e assim assumir o modo próprio de ser. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem como objetivo justificar que a concepção de ética originária desenvolvida por Heidegger, alinhada à importância que Gadamer atribui à experiência particular, pode trazer uma relevante contribuição para a reflexão filosófica acerca dos temas que envolvem a ética, como tentativa de superação do modo tradicional de se conceber a própria ética enquanto tal. A forma pela qual a tradição metafísica tem historicamente abordado o tema da ética reforça a distinção entre teoria e prática, e a busca de (...) princípios ou normas universalmente aplicáveis tem se mostrado insuficiente para elucidar o que torna possível a experiência moral. A linguagem conceitual generalista, da mesma forma, tem se demonstrado inadequada para tratar do tema, visto que tende a aproximar a ética da técnica própria das ciências, ignorando a relevância que a experiência particular pode trazer para o debate ético. Nesta perspectiva, a ética originária fornece elementos para a construção de um sentido de ética que almeja alcançar a singularidade da existência, superando assim a distinção entre teoria e prática, e colocando em evidência uma instância prévia, que permaneceu oculta em razão dos limites da própria metafísica. (shrink)

En este trabajo procuraremos analizar, en primera instancia, al "Festival con Luis Palau" en tanto dispositivo de impacto evangelístico, haciendo foco principalmente en la estructura organizativa que lo propició. A continuación, profundizaremos en los dispositivos de construcción del acontecimiento ..

The change from static to genetic perspective involves an enlargement of the phenomenological field. The main subject is not anymore the description of the essential notes of a phenomenon but rather the search for its origins. New levels of objects and consciousness arise as consequence of this new approach. The structures of subjectivity revealed by the genetic inquiry constitute the field of passivity.

The emerging field of lipidomics has identified lipids as key players in disease physiology. Their physicochemical diversity allows precise control of cell structure and signaling events through modulation of membrane properties and trafficking of proteins. As such, lipids are important regulators of brain function and have been implicated in neurodegenerative and mood disorders. Importantly, environmental chronic stress has been associated with anxiety and depression and its exposure in rodents has been extensively used as a model to study these diseases. With (...) the accessibility to modern mass‐spectrometry lipidomic platforms, it is now possible to snapshot the extensively interconnected lipid network. Here, we review the fundamentals of lipid biology and outline a framework for the interpretation of lipidomic studies as a new approach to study brain pathophysiology. Thus, lipid profiling provides an exciting avenue for the identification of disease signatures with important implications for diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders. (shrink)

La fenomenología ha experimentado en los últimos años un creciente interés por las dimensiones afectivas de la conciencia, lo que se podría extender a otros campos del conocimiento en lo que se ha conocido como el «giro emotivo». Pero el análisis de sentimientos, afecciones y deseos no es en ningún caso territorio ignoto para la fenomenología: la temática estaba muy viva desde los inicios del movimiento y fundamentó la obra de herederos de Husserl como Heidegger o Henry. Menos conocido es (...) que el propio fundador de la fenomenología se ocupó intensamente con la temática. Ahora que se van a publicar los manuscritos inéditos de Husserl sobre los sentimientos, este artículo ofrece una perspectiva aproximativa general sobre dónde y cómo aborda esta cuestión. (shrink)

La profundización del análisis de la relación entre el yo y la afección, propia de los estudios tardíos de Husserl sobre el campo de la pasividad, implica el abandono del esquema estático según el cual el sentido resulta de la acción del yo sobre una materia inerte. El giro genético de la fenomenología pone a la luz los procesos de constitución de la materia y su incidencia sobre el acto de donación de sentido.

La indagación husserliana sobre los animales constituye un importante aporte para pensar tanto la relación del hombre con la naturaleza como el vínculo entre la actividad y la pasividad de la conciencia. Existen dos direcciones de investigación: por una parte, aquellas que toman al nóema “animal” como tema de una descripción fenomenológica y, por otra, las que encuentran en la animalidad un momento en el desarrollo teleológico de la monadología trascendental.

Este artigo examina alguns aspectos do pensamento de Espinosa que tomam possível o estabelecimento de uma relação de complementaridade entre as noções de adequação e correspondência em sua concepção da verdade, procurando opor esta relação àquela existente entre as noções de evidência e verdade na concepção cartesiana.

Bien que la vérité pour Spinoza soit "norma sui", le sens et la portée de sa célèbre thèse ne sont pas évidents et suscitent des lectures divergentes. Contre les interprètes qui attribuent à Spinoza une théorie de la vérité comme correspondance et ceux qui lui accordent une théorie de la vérité comme cohérence, l'examen de l'articulation interne de son système montre que son originalité consiste à nier cette opposition et à soutenir un lien indissoluble entre les deux aspects de l'idée (...) vraie : l'adaequatio et la convenientia. À la lumière de cette position, l'ouvrage montre que le rationalisme absolu de Spinoza, loin d'être le modèle de philosophie dogmatique qui efface le problème de la certitude, affronte ce problème et en offre une solution."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

'Deliberative politics' refers to the role of conversation and arguments in politics. Until recently discussion of deliberative politics took place almost exclusively among political philosophers, but many questions raised in this philosophical discussion cry out for empirical investigation. This book provides the first extended empirical study of deliberative politics, addressing, in particular, questions of the preconditions and consequences of high level deliberation. Using parliamentary debates in Germany, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States as an empirical base, the authors (...) measure the level of deliberation by constructing a 'Discourse Quality Index'. As deliberative politics moves to the forefront of political theory, this book makes an important contribution to deliberative democracy. (shrink)

Valerie Plumwood introduced in "Some false laws of logic" a series of arguments on how the rules Exported Syllogism, Disjunctive Syllogism, Commutation, and Exportation are not acceptable. Based on this we define the class of Plumwood algebras - logical matrices that do not verify any of these theses. Afterwards we provide conditional variants of the characteristic matrix of the logic RM3 that are also Plumwood algebras. These matrices are given an axiomatization based on First Degree Entailment and are endowed with (...) Belnap-Dunn Semantics. Finally we provide results of Soundness and Completeness in the strong sense for each of the defined variants. (shrink)

Humans are unconditionally confronted with social expectations and norms, up to a degree that they, or some of them, have a hard time recognizing what they actually want. This renders them susceptible for introjection, that is, to unwittingly or “unconsciously” mistake social expectations for self-chosen goals. Such introjections compromise an individual’s autonomy and mental health and have been shown to be more prevalent in individuals with rumination tendencies and low emotional self-awareness. In this brain imaging study, we draw on a (...) source memory task and found that introjections, as indicated by imposed tasks that are falsely recognized as self-chosen, involved the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Notably, reduced right MPFC activation within this condition correlated with trait scores of ruminations and reduced emotional self-awareness, but also introversion. Moreover, correct recognition of tasks as self-chosen involved the right MPFC. Accordingly, the right MPFC may play a role in supporting the maintenance of psychological autonomy and counteract introjection, which individuals with certain personality traits seem to be prone to. This research has significant implications for the study of mechanisms underlying autonomous motivation, goal and norm internalization, decision-making, persuasion, education, and clinical conditions such as depression and burnout. (shrink)

El acceso a los sentimientos y su intencionalidad son dos problemas clásicos en la tradición fenomenológica. Un texto cumbre es el artículo de Moritz Geiger “La conciencia de los sentimientos” (1911), en el que cuestionaba tanto su intencionalidad como la posibilidad de observarlos en su manifestación original. Edmund Husserl, ese mismo año, se confrontaba con las tesis de Geiger en manuscritos de investigación recientemente publicados. En el presente artículo expongo las posiciones enfrentadas de ambos filósofos y ofrezco una conclusión crítica (...) sobre los presupuestos teóricos de Geiger. (shrink)

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido valorar la dinámica del cambio que sufre el léxico disponible en inglés de hablantes nativos de español en estudiantes de 1º de ESO y 1º de Bachillerato para poder comprobar si existe una evolución positiva entre los dos cursos escolares. Para ello, se han utilizado los indicadores de disponibilidad léxica, compatibilidad y Porcentaje de Disponibilidad Retenida (PDR) en un conjunto de 184 informantes. Con los resultados obtenidos, se ha podido confirmar, para los ocho (...) centro de interés analizados, que son muy pocos los vocablos que concentran la mayor cantidad de disponibilidad léxica en cada área asociativa. Además, con la metodología seguida también se ha podido valorar el cambio en la adquisición del léxico entre las dos etapas educativas. (shrink)

Background: Pain has been associated with structural changes of the brain. However, evidence regarding white matter changes in response to acute pain protocols is still scarce. In the present study, we assess the existence of differences in brain white matter related to pain intensity reported by patients undergoing surgical removal of a mandibular impacted third molar using diffusion tensor imaging analysis.Methods: 30 participants reported their subjective pain using a visual analog scale at three postsurgical stages: under anesthesia, in pain, and (...) after the administration of an analgesic. The diffusion data were acquired prior to surgery.Results: DTI analysis yielded significant positive associations of fractional anisotropy in white matter areas related to pain processing with the differences in pain between the three postsurgery stages. Extent and location of these associations depended on the magnitude of the subjective pain differences. Tractography analysis indicated that some pain–tract associations are significant only when pain stage is involved in the contrast, while others are only when anesthesia is involved in the contrast.Conclusions: The association of white matter fractional anisotropy and connectivity, measured before the pain stages, with subjective pain depends on the magnitude of the differences in pain scores. (shrink)

This study aims to analyze the relationship between psychological capital profiles and internal learning in teams. The participants in this study were 480 undergraduate students. We performed a cluster analysis using the SPSS and yielded four distinct psychological capital profiles. The student profile with the highest scores in self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience exhibited also the highest scores of internal learning in teams. On the other hand, the student profile with the lowest scores in self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience presented (...) the lowest scores of internal learning in teams. It is also noteworthy that there was no significant relationship between the profile with a positive combination between self-efficacy and hope and the profile that presents the optimism as the only positive psychological capability, in the way they relate to internal learning in teams, which led us to reject the second hypothesis of the study. This study reinforces the role of psychological capital in academic settings and suggests that psychological capital profiles can affect internal learning in teams differentially. (shrink)

A UNASUL é um projeto de integração entre países da América do Sul, criado em 2008 a partir da assinatura do Tratado Constitutivo da UNASUL, que tem como signatários: Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Equador, Guiana, Paraguai, Peru, Suriname, Uruguai e Venezuela. O artigo considera aspectos históricos da criação da UNASUL para analisar mudanças que ocorreram nas concepções de integração sul-americana a partir da “guinada à esquerda” observada na década de 2000 na América do Sul. Busca-se, nesse sentido, compreender como (...) a ascensão de governos nacionais comprometidos com forças sociais e políticas que se opuseram aos projetos neoliberais de reestruturação do capitalismo, adotados na América do Sul durante a década de 1990, repercutiu no processo histórico de constituição da UNASUL. (shrink)

Although from a philosophical perspective, many reflections can be brought up about the theorizing process, in this essay, we aim to reflect on the importance of the alignment between ontology and epistemology. This is particularly relevant because deeper discussions about the philosophical roots that underlay the theorizing processes remain as a lack in organizational and management studies. To support our work, we adopted the epistemic-ontological alignment model as a conceptual tool and the Resource-Based View (RBV) and some of its questionings (...) as an example to carry out a reflection exercise about its epistemic-ontological alignment. RBV is a theory that plays a prominent role in management studies, especially in the strategy field. Nevertheless, discussions regarding RBV philosophical foundations are not common in the mainstream of strategic management. After our analysis, we advise that scholars care about the philosophical roots of their theoretical proposals to promote constructive dialogue in their research communities. This can avoid empty discussions and criticisms based on incongruous worldviews. Our reflections also suggest that future research should embrace the plurality of paradigms as a source of renewal and transcendence in the production of knowledge. A multi-paradigmatic movement towards more eclecticism in Administrative Science can help produce new and underexploited combinations of knowledge in the theorizing process. (shrink)

Neste artigo proporemos uma resposta à pergunta se é possível filosofar com Heidegger após as confissões nos Cadernos Pretos relativas ao seu comprometimento, parcial, com o nazismo e o antissemitismo. Para além da alternativa que aborda a obra de Heidegger, ignorando ou minimizando seu compromisso político, ou daquela que a descarta em razão do seu vínculo com nazismo, justificaremos que sua proposta filosófica é válida e profícua, mesmo após a publicação dos Cadernos Pretos. Sob a égide da hermenêutica gadameriana, inicialmente (...) apresentaremos a posição de Heidegger por ele descrita nos Cadernos Pretos; a seguir, explicitaremos alguns aspectos do antissemitismo heideggeriano em relação ao partido nacional-socialista; para, ao final, fundamentarmos que a proposta filosófica de Heidegger, veiculada em sua obra, não deveria ser descartada em razão do seu equívoco político, uma vez que o texto escrito passa a ter vida própria e se torna independente do seu criador, cabendo aos leitores interpretá-lo de forma crítica, honesta e responsável. (shrink)